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Master · 2005-2023 · right-handed

Adam Wainwright

One curveball, one team, eighteen seasons: a 75-mph hook so trusted it ended a pennant on a called strike three.

Signature pitch12-6 curveball

Wainwright spent his whole career with the St. Louis Cardinals, and he spent it leaning on one pitch. The curveball was big and slow and arrived at the same speed no matter how hard he threw it, and it buckled knees from his rookie September to his final start. His brother taught it to him as a kid. He threw it on top of the ball and well out in front, with a double-jointed thumb that put extra spin on the end of it, and when the biggest at-bat of his life arrived, he threw it again.

01The signature pitch

A big, slow curveball thrown on top of the ball and released well out in front, so it stayed hidden until it broke. His grip was a little around the seam, and he had a double-jointed thumb he could turn over at release to add spin on the end of the pitch. In his prime it was a true over-the-top 12-6; as his arm slot dropped with age it took on more side-to-side, a two-plane 2-to-7 shape.

His own account to FanGraphs: the around-the-seam grip, the double-jointed thumb, the out-front release, and the 12-6 flattening toward 2-to-7 as he aged.

Study the 12-6 curveball
The 12-6 curveball seam, oriented to its spin axis.

The 12-6 curveball seam, our own schematic

02The mental edge

His edge was one pitch he trusted completely. He could throw the curve as hard as he wanted and it still came out 75 mph, the same every time, so he could throw it in any count without tipping speed. He was blunt about how much rested on it: without the curveball, he said, he never gets out of A-ball. Hitters knew it was coming and could not lay off; Joey Votto compared reading it to a ball dropped off a ladder, impossible to tell ball from strike.

The "75 mph however hard I throw it" and "out of A-ball" lines are Wainwright's own, via ESPN. Votto's "ladder" description is a hitter's, from the same piece.

If I didn’t have my curveball, I don’t get out of A-ball.
Pitcher's own wordsESPN, The secret to Adam Wainwright's success: a curveball like none other (Buster Olney)

To ESPN, on how completely his career rested on the one pitch.

03The record
Career strikeouts
2,202

All with the Cardinals; the 2,000th came on the curve in 2021.

Career wins
200

Plus two Gold Gloves, three All-Star selections, and four top-three Cy Young finishes, all in St. Louis.

Opponent line vs. the curve (career)
26 wRC+

Roughly 74% below league-average offense against the pitch over his career; 100 is average.

Curve, 2023 (Statcast)
71.5 mph · 16.5 in glove-side · 13.5 in drop

Late-career the curve swept as a two-plane 2-to-7, not the over-the-top 12-6 of his prime.

The Beltran strikeout
NLCS Game 7, 2006

Rookie Wainwright froze Carlos Beltran on a 0-2 curve, bases loaded and two outs, to clinch the pennant and send St. Louis to the World Series.

2,000th strikeout
on the curve, 2021

The 85th pitcher to reach 2,000; with Bob Gibson, the only two to collect all 2,000 as Cardinals.

Filed the way every record here is: each figure season-stamped where it applies, confidence-labeled, and one click from its source. Where the reputation and the data disagree, the gap is shown, not smoothed over.